I'm kinda new at this still so thanks for the links. The point about boundary=protected_area is a good one.

I'm curious why this was done. It says that the private inholdings are not part of the national forest and that is not correct.

I guess I misunderstood then. I thought access=no simpy meant "not open to everyone/everything at any time". I was trying to mark them as explictly foot-only - no bikes, no horses, no vehicles. I'll review every trail I've touched today (many!) and change them to access=yes and then explicitly no or yes for the more specific users. Does that sound right?